Two-ply-ingrain-carpet fabric



(Specimens.)

T. B. DORNAN. TWO PLY INGRAIN CARPET FABRIC. No. 438,064. Patented Oct. '7, 1890.

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L@ f g' l NITED STATES ATENT rricn.

THOMAS BENTON DORNAN, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

TWO-PLY-INGRAlN-CARPET FABRIC.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 438,064, dated October '7, 1890.`

Application tiled November 26, 1889. Serial No. 331,621. (Specimens.)

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, THOMAS BENTON DOR- NAN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Two- Ply-Ingrain-Oarpet Fabrics, 0f which the following is a full, clear, and enact specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof.

The present invention relates to the fabric known in the market as twoply-ingrain-car pet fabric and it has for its object to produce a more closely-knit and more durable fabric than any heretofore known, while maintaining the characteristic advantages of twoply ingrain carpet, among them the advantages of double face and of cheapness of production.

The invent-ion consists of the fabric hereinafter described and claimed.

I-Ieretofore in the manufacture of two-ply ingrain carpet it has been the practice to introduce the weft-threads in the definite order of one weft-thread in one ply-as, say, the ground ply-*then a weft-thread in the other plythat is, the figure plya-then a weftthread in the ground ply, then one in the figure ply, and so on throughout the entire fabric, and the journals of the loom have been raised in the same definite order, to wit: first a journal carrying warp of the ground ply, then a journal carrying warp of the figure ply, then one carrying warp of the ground ply, then of the figure ply, and so on throughout the entire operation of weaving; and the lifter-boards of the jacquard have been raised in the same definite order, to wit: first the lifter-board carrying warp of the figure ply, then the lifter-board carrying warp of the ground ply, then the former again, then the latter, and so on to the end of the weaving. With such a method of weaving the different constructions of weave which can be and which have heretofore been produced in twoply ingrain carpets are shown in Figure l of the accompanying drawings. In this figure the three diagrams shown (marked, respectively, A, B, and O) are diagrams of longitudinal sections cut through the carpet at three different points in its width, the cuts being made in a direction parallel to the warpthreads, andthe diagrams all showing sections of different parts of the same weft-threads at different parts of their length, and also showing the four warp-threads next adjacent to the cut or place of section. A represents a bagweave fabric commonly known as ground or figure If one side is ground, the reverse is figure, and vice versa. B represents the solid-weave fabric commonly known as shotabout. Either side indifferently is called shot-about. C represents the solid-weave fabric commonly known as mate-thread. Either side is mate-thread. The numerals l to 24, inclusive, show the order of insertion of the weft-threads, and also show by identity of number the identity of the weft-threads in the three different sectional views given. The letters W, R, O, and B on the weft-threads indicate, illustratively, the colors they would have in practice, and the letters 10,7", o, and b on the warp-threads indicate the corresponding colors they would ordinarily have in practice.

In producing the fabric forming the subject of my inventionIinsert the weft-threads in a different order or sequence, to wit: rst a weft-thread in one plysay the groundply-then a second weft-thread in the same ply, then a weft-threadin the ligure ply, then a second weft-thread in the figure ply, then a weft-thread in the ground ply, then a second one in the ground ply, then one in the figure ply, then a second one in the figure ply, and so on throughout the Weaving, and I change the arrangement of the journal-lifting devices, so as to raise iirst a journal carrying warp of the ground ply, and then the other journal carrying warp o f the ground ply, and then a journal carrying warp of the figure ply, and then the oth er journal carrying warp of the figure ply, and so on; and AI change the arrangement of the lifting devices of the Jacquard lifter-boards so as to raise those lifter-boards as follows: first (in the case supposed) the lifter-board carrying warp of the figure ply, then the same lifter-board IOO ply and, preferably, of the saine color as the weft-thread which is about to be thrown, and simultaneously raise or leave down by means of the jacquard all the warp-threads of the other ply, thereby sending to the bottom face or to the top face of the carpet, as desired, the weft-thread that is about to be thrown, and in every case covering or binding it on top with warp-threads of the same ply and, preferably, of the same color, and, as common heretofore, I employ a card in the Jacquard machine for every pick of the loom; but I change the order of those cards in the lacing, or, what is the same thing, I change the manner of cutting the cards to conform to my new order of inserting the weft-threads and cut the irst card for a ground weft, (in the case supposed,) the second for a ground weft, the third for a figure weft, the fourth for a figure-weft, the fifth for a ground weft, the sixth for a ground weft, and so on. With this improved method of weaving the various constructions of weave that can be produced and areproduced in bringing thedifferentcolor effects to the face are shownin the drawings,

Fig. 2, in which the three several diagrams D, E, and F respectively represent, asl before, three longitudinal sections cut parallel wi-th the warp-threads through different parts of the same weft-threads. The numerals on the weft-threads indicate the order of introduction of the weft-threads and indicate by identity of number the identity of weftthreads in the different diagrams. WV O R B indicate,.illustrativelyg the colors White, olive,

red, and black of the weft-threads, and w o r b indicate the colors white, olive, red, and black of the warp-threads. Of course the reverse of each one of these fabrics may be produced.

The construction of weave shown in Fig. 2, Diagram F, forms the subject of the present invention. This weave is in and of itself a new fabric. It is a double-ply solid-Weave two-ply-ingrain-carpet fabric, in which each face is made up of successively-thrown weftthreads, as B WV, B W, B W, &c., and O R, O R, &c., in which the stuffer warp-threads o and fr, which make and keep it double-ply, lie along the middle of the fabric, and in which the adjacent binding warp-threads w and b cross alternately from face to face, binding the wefts both of the face and of the back, but in such a peculiar way that one weftthread-say weft-threadNoet B of the faceis bound and held by the warp-thread b in a loop projecting backward, as appears in the diagram F, and the next succeeding weftthread No. 5 W of the face is bound and held by the adjacent and oppositely-moving warpthread w in a loop projecting forward and crossing the backwardly-projecting loop of the black Warp, as appears in Fig. 2 at F..

Similarly all the black weft-threads are bound on the face by backwardly-projecting loops of the black warp-threads and all the white weft-threads by forwardly-projecting loops of the vwhite warp-threads, and on the back all the olive weft-threads are bound by back- Wardly-proj ecting loops of the white Warps and all thel red weft-threads by'forwardly-projecti-ng loops of the black warps, the loops crossing each other in the solid fabric. By this peculiar construction of Weave a betterf wearing' fabric is produced for under-foot use thany has existed inin grain fabrics'heretofore.

It will be understood that my improved fabric can be produced on a loom having a single-lift jacquard by properly cutting the cards; but I prefer the use of afloom having the double-lift jacquard described'.

I donot herein claim the method of Weaving herein described., as that forms the sub ject-matter of an application filed by me on November 27, 1889, Serial No. 331,742.

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

A two-ply-ingrain-carpet fabric embodying the solid Weave F, in which each surface is made up of pairs of successively-thrown weft'- threads, and in which adjacent binding Warpthreadsloop, respectively, the oneforwardV and the other backward over the successive weftthreads of the face and the first backward and second forward under the successive weftthreads of the back, and in whichV warpthreads lie along the center of the fabric,sub stantially as shown and described.

THOMAS BENTON DORNAN.

Witnesses:

JAM-ns R. ANDERSEN, MILLARD F. SHOCK. 

